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@uitrit tat-rs 'atmt @fitte VIRGL W. BLANCHARD, OF BRDPORT, VERMONT. Lam-s Patent No. 65,469, ma Jim@ 4, 1867.

IMPROVBD STONE-CHANNELLING MACHINE.

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TO ALL WHOM IT MAY OONCERN:

lBe it known that l, VIRGIL W. BLANCHARD, of Bridport, State of Vermont, have invented certain new and useful improvements in Stone-'Channelling Machines; and I declare the following to be a full, true, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification, and to the letters of reference marked thereon.

Figure lrepresents a side elevation of my machine.

Figure 2 represents a plan View of the same.

Figure 3 represents a view of the feed apparatus.

Figures 4 and 5 represent the different kinds of chiscls that are used.

Figure 6 represents a View of two of the chisels, showing the position they sustain to each other with regard to their cutting edges, when a core is formed of a rectangular shape.

The object of my invention is to provide a machine that will not only out channels in marble, slate, or other pctrous substances for the purpose of removing blocks of the same from the quarry, but to give shape to and divide those already removed; and the nature of it consists in theemployment and combination of certain devices, the-peculiarities of which will be hereinafter set forth.

Letter A represents the frame of my machine, which consists of two parts. The front is hinged tothe `rear part, and can be lowered or raised to any desired angle, so as to accommodate the chisels or saws to any surface. The movable part of the frame rests upon and is regulated by the elevating-arm B, one end of which is pivoted to the side of the frame A, and the other is attached to a common car-wheel so that it may be more easily moved backward and forward, (as shown in figs. 1 and 2.) The rise and fall of this elevating-arm B is governed by the screws C C, by means of which the chisel or saws may be entirely raised from the stone, or may be lowered to suit the depth of the channel which they are cutting. In order to give the movable part of the frame a springy motion, and to lessen the jar upon the frame, the elevating-arm B has been provided with rubber springs, upon which the screws C C rest. But in regard to this do not confine myself to any particular kind of springs. They may be either ot' rubber or meta-l, whichever is the most' convenient. Attached to the 'front part of the frame is the weight D, for the purpose of bearing down the frame so as to give greater force to the saws or strokes of the chisels as they are revolving. This weight may be varied, if necessary, to the hardness of the substance which is required to be cut or channelled out. Letter E represents a shaft, which is cut like a screw around its middle, and is provided with the driving-pulley O upon one end, and theA pulley P upon the other, (as shown in tig. This shaft serves for a threefold purpose: it is the pivot upon which the front part of' the frame is lowered and raised; vit binds the two parts of the frame together; by means of it the machine is moved forward so as to cut the chann'el of any required length, and communicates motion to the saws or chisels. Letter F represents a circular plate or disk which is provided with a suitable number of dovetailed grooves upon each side for the purpose of holding the chisels. These chisels Gr Gr are of two kinds, (as shown in iigs. 4 and 5.) One has a straight or blunt edge, and the other has an edge which forms an acute angle with one side. These chiscls can be removed from this wheel at pleasure, being merely placed in grooves or dove-tails cut in the side ot' the wheel for that purpose, and having a screw passing through them so as to retain them in their places. I would here observe that the channels may be cutin two ways, whether chisels or saws be employed: first, cutting the whole width of the channel; and second, cutting away a portion of the outsides of the channels or two narrow channels, leaving a solid core between them to be broken out. In the first instance I use a wide chisel or saw cutting the whole width of the channel. In the second-instance, narrow chisels or saws cutting away the outside of the channel or making two narrow channels, and standing in relation to each other as shown in fig. 6, leaving a solid core of a rectangular form, which is to be broken and removed to forni the channel. By the use of the narrow chisels or saws, in the second instance, much motive power is saved, as the two narrow channels cut by the narrow chisels or saws require comparatively little power to cut them, after which the solid core between them is easily broken and removed. This process may be continued un til the channel is cut to the requisite depth. These chisels may be made with movable cutting points, which can be removed when they become dull and blunt, and which may, in case of necessity, contain a diamond, so as to facilitate the cutting in very hard and linty rock. This channelling may be performed either by a saw or set ofsaws, or by a chisel or set of chisels, the naw-teeth being movable like the cutting points of the chisels, and being so formed as to contain a. diamond or not, as is required. When there is but one aan it ents the whole width of the channel at once, but when there is more than one a solid core is left to be broken ont. It will be observed that the wheel which holds the chisels has a compound motion: first, a'rotary motion, second, a falling one, which is given by thc springs and elevating-arm B. As cach chisel sweeps around, the wheel fails, and the blow with which the chisels strike the stone may be regulated by the springs and elevatingarm B. Letter H represents a cog-wheel which rests upon one of the cross-ties of the frame A, the teeth of which work in the screw-thread upon the shaft E for the purpose of moving the ehisels or saws forward, 'lhis wheel can be moved backward and forward by means of the lever I, one end of which is pivoted to the side of the frame, while the other plays in a slot upon the opposite side. Attached to the wheel H, by means of a shaft or rod, is the cog-wheel K, the @ogs of which catch in the toothed bar S, which runs the entire length of the platform. Letter N represents a bucket for holding water, and is placed upon the frame in 'front of the chisels so as to allow the water to fall in the channel which is being out, for the purpose of softening the rock and preventing the chisels from becoming heated. The frame ofvmy machine rests upon movable rails, which in their turn rcst'upon a movable platform so that the machine can be moved to any part of the quarry.

The operation of my machine is 'as follows: The motivev power is applied to the driving-pulley O, which communicates a rotary motion to the ehisels or saws by means of the pulley P and belt. The lever I is then moved forward so as to make the cogs of the wheel H catch in the screw-thread upon the shaft E. The machine then moves forward until the channel has been out ofthe lrequired length, when the feed apparatus is thrown out of gear by moving 'the lever back, when the machine stops. It can then be movedback by means of the crank R,which is attached to the cog-wheel K. In the use of my machine, sand and water can be used, as in an ordinary marble saw-mill, if desired. l

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. The employment of a hinged frame when used substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. The employment of one or more ehisels, or one or more saws, to which a rotary motion is given for the purpose of channelling petrous substances when attached to a. hinged frame substantially as described.

3. The employment of a hinged frame to which are attached an elevating-arm or arms and springs, as and for the purpose specified. v v

4. The employment of alfeed apparatus in. combination with a hinged frame, substantially as and for the purpose described.

5. The toothed rack L on the track upon which the frame rests, in combination with said frame, substantially as set forth.

6. I claim further the employment of the lever I, cog-wheel H, -when used as and 'for the purpose specified.

7. In combination with the above, I claim the screw-shaft E, substantially as and for the purpose set forth. In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own, I hereby aiiix my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

VIRGIL W. BLANCHARD.

Witnesses:

ALBERT A. FLETCHER, G. W. EARL. 

